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Igralna terapija je specializirana oblika psihosocialne pomoči, ki temelji na spoznanju, da je igra otrokova naravna oblika izražanja. Medtem ko odrasli svoje misli in čustva ubesedijo, otroci pogosto svojo notranjo resničnost prenašajo skozi simboliko igre. Igra jim omogoča, da izražajo, razumejo in predelujejo čustva ter razvijajo nove načine soočanja z izzivi.
Na otroka osredotočena igralna terapija (Child-Centered Play Therapy – CCPT) otroku omogoča popolno svobodo pri izbiri igre in načina izražanja. Terapevt ne vodi igre in ne interpretira otrokovega vedenja, temveč ustvarja varen in podpirajoč prostor, kjer otrok lahko skozi igro raziskuje svoje notranje doživljanje. Tak pristop temelji na zaupanju v otrokovo notranjo usmeritev in sposobnost samoregulacije.
Osnovna terapevtska moč igre je v njeni sposobnosti, da spodbuja spremembo na različnih ravneh otrokovega delovanja. Znotraj terapevtskega procesa se skozi igro krepijo medosebni odnosi, uravnavajo čustva, zmanjšuje stres, razvijajo moralne presoje, samozavest, komunikacija ter zmožnost obvladovanja življenjskih izzivov. Otrok skozi igro pridobiva nove izkušnje, uravnava frustracije in postopno razvija pozitivno samopodobo.
Igralna terapija je torej strokovno voden proces, ki presega običajno igro. Gre za varno in ciljno usmerjeno pomoč, ki otroku omogoča notranjo rast, čustveno regulacijo in razvoj učinkovitih vedenjskih strategij v okolju, ki mu je blizu, razumljivo in naravno.
I am not all knowing
Therefore, I will not even attempt to be
I need to be loved
Therefore, I will be open to loving children
I want to be more accepting of the child in me
Therefore, I will with wonder and awe allow children to illuminate my world
I know so little about the complex intricacies of childhood
Therefore, I will allow children to teach me
I learn best from and am impacted most by my personal struggles
Therefore, I will join with children in their struggles
I sometimes need a refuge
Therefore, I will provide a refuge for children
I like it when I am fully accepted as the person I am
Therefore, I will strive to experience and appreciate the person of the child
I make mistakes They are a declaration of the way. I am—human and fallible
Therefore, I will be tolerant of the humanness of children
I react with emotional internalization and expression to my world of reality
Therefore, I will relinquish the grasp I have on reality and try to enter the world as experienced by the child
It feels good to be an authority, to provide answers
Therefore, I will need to work hard to protect children from me!
I am more fully me when I feel safe
Therefore, I will be consistent in my interactions with children
I am the only person who can live my life
Therefore, I will not attempt to rule a child’s life
I have learned most of what I know from experiencing
Therefore, I will allow children to experience
The hope I experience and the will to live come from within me
Therefore, I will recognize and affirm the child’s will and selfhood
I cannot make children’s hurts and fears and frustrations and disappointments go away
Therefore, I will soften the blow
I experience fear when I am vulnerable
Therefore, I will with kindness, gentleness, and tenderness touch the inner world of the vulnerable child
Garry L. Landreth, Play Therapy: The Art of the Relationship
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